Piston-valve



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

BLW. NA YLOR.

PISTON VALVE.

No. 552,582. Patented Jan. 7,1896,

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ANDREW BBRANAMJHUTOLTHUMASHINGTON 9C.

INVENTOR. -wrfl1 2 Shets-Sheet 2.

Patented Jan. '7, 1896';-

(No Model.) v

E. W. NAYLOR. PISTON VALVE.

A AMJHOTO-UTHdWASNINGToKDC. I

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ERNEST wNAYLoR, or BOUND BROOK, NEw' JERSEY.

PISTON-VALVE.

SPECIFICATIONforming part of Letters Patent No. 552,582, dated January'7, 1896.

Application filed March 9, 1895. Serial No. 541,181. (No model.) 7

hydraulic pumping machinery of the class,

shown and described in my Letters Patent of the United States No.538,880, dated May 7, 1895.

The object of my present improvement is to establish equilibrium betweenthe gravity of the valves and connected moving parts and the gravity orpressure of the column of water; and my invention consists in certainnovel features of construction, hereinafter fully described and claimed,whereby the said object is accurately attained, especially in machinesworking under columns of considerable altitude.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation, partlyin section, showing the valvular parts and movable connections; and Fig.2 is a sectional elevation taken at a m, Fig. 1.

The improved valvular mechanism herein shown may be applied to operatingor motive cylinders and to pump-cylinders alike. I

have shown said mechanismin connection with operating-cylinders, one ofwhich appears in section at A, Fig. 2.

B represents an operating-ram. The drawings show a duplex valvulararrangementfor two such rams, each connected to its valve in preciselythe Same manner as shown in Fig. 2.

The enlargement G of the valve-casing connects with the port 4 of thecylinder A.

E represents the inlet and F the outlet pertaining to each casing O.

D is an intermediate connecting-frame.

The distributing-Valve G comprises a piston reciprocating in a removablecylinder 2, which has ports 3 opening into the port or passage 4 of theoperating-cylinder A.

The valves G are balanced, connected, and

operated through the agency of the vibrating and connecting-links 6.

beam I, moving them in opposite directions simultaneously by means ofpiston-rods 5 The piston-rods 5 are suitably packed at glands '7, andguided by cross-heads 8 in the guides 9.

Below the valve-piston G, and connected thereto by the extendedpiston-rod 5, there is a counter-pressure piston H, reciprocating in theremovable cylinder 12, the pipe 13 permitting free egress and ingress ofwater or air below the piston II. The pipe E permanently communicateswith the space 10 between the pistons G and H through ports 14 in theremovable cylinder 2.

The pistons G and H are of differential area, and according to the headunder which the machine is built to operate the difference of area is Soproportioned that the preponderating pressure on the under surface ofthe upper piston will exactly balance the weight of the movingpartsnamely, the pistons G H, the piston-rod 5, the cross-head 8, thelinks 6, and a share of the weight of the beam I- thus relieving Strainon the structure of the machine.

The pressure of the water is in many instances far greater than wouldcounterbalance the piston Gand aforesaid moving parts, and a detrimentalupward strain results, which is overcome by the counter-pressure pistonH.

In operation the beam I, being actuated by a suitable motor, will, forinstance, raise the piston-valve G, admitting the operating head ofwater from inlet E to cylinder A, forcing the operating-ram B downward.At the recovery stroke of the ram B the valve G is reversed, dischargingthe water from cylinder A through outlet F. The pressure remainsconstant between the differential pistons G H and is always in excess ofthe pressure in pipe F above the piston G. The same condition applieswhen the casing O with its port 4 is connected to a pump in lieu of anoperating-cylinder A. In such alternative the pipe E would becomefunctionally the outlet and the pipe F the inlet, but the relativepressure would remain the same, that greatest being below the piston. Gand between it and the counter-pressure piston H.

The arrangement shown affords reduction of pressure on the piston-valveG without reducing its required area or the portage capacity.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a hydraulically operated pumping apparatus, the combination withan operating ram, of a single vertically reciprocating pistondistributing valve for the ram controlling a port lateral to said pistonvalve communieating with the cylinder of said ram, a water pressureinlet below said piston valve, a discharge water outlet above saidpiston valve, a vibrating beam for actuating said piston valve, and anon-valvular counterbalancing piston connected to said piston valvebelow the same and exposed to the working pressure in said inlet abovesaid counterbalancing piston, the same being free from pressure in thechamber beneath it, and adapted to partially counteract the upwardpressure 011 the piston valve in such measure that the combined weightof said pistons and connected parts shall be substantially equalized bysaid upward pressure.

2. In a hydraulically operated pumping apparatus, the valvularconstruction, con sisting in a vibrating Valve actuating beam,

and connected and suspended therefrom at opposite sides of its fulcrum,two Vertical piston distributing valves controlling cylinder portslateral thereto, water pressure ports below said piston valves,discharge ports above the same, and counterbalancing nonvalvularpressure pistons below said piston valves connected thereto to receive apart of the pressure exerted beneath the piston valves; saidcounterbalancing pistons being free from pressure in the chambersbeneath them, and being of such proportionate size to the said pistonvalves that the surplus pressure on the latter shall substantiallyequalize the load of said pistons and connected parts and relieve strainon the fulcrum of said beam. I

3. Pairs of rigidly connected counterbalancing pistons of relativelydifferent diameters, ports and piston chambers for the same, and pivotedlink connections attached to the pairs of pistons for balancing thesame.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New Yorkthis 8th day of March, A. D. 1895.

ERNEST XV. NAYLOR. Vitnesses ARTHUR R. KING, HENRY F. PARKER.

